A nonenzymatic laser-induced flexible amperometric graphene electrode for glucose detection in saliva

Abstract Graphene is a suitable transducer for wearable sensors because of its high conductivity, large specific surface area, flexibility, and other unique considerable features. Using simple, fast galvanic pulse electrodeposition approach, nonenzymatic glucose amperometric electrode was successfully developed based on well-distributed fine Cu nanoparticles anchored the 3D structure laser-induced graphene. The fabricated allows detection with sensitivity 2665 µA/mM/cm 2 , response time less than 5 s, linear range 0.03–4.5 mM, LOD 0.023 µM. It also detects selectively in presence interfering species such as ascorbic acid urea. These provide designed advantages sensing saliva 97% accuracy present it among best saliva-range non-enzymatic reported to date real-life diagnostic applications.